Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, a network of vessels and organs that helps fight infection. Early detection and a clear understanding of symptoms and causes are essential for reducing its impact. In the United States, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed blood cancers, accounting for about 4% of all cancers. This highlights the importance of awareness.

What Is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma?

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a cancer that affects the lymphatic system. This system is crucial for the body's immune function. Unlike Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involves the abnormal growth of various white blood cells, primarily lymphocytes, which can spread to other organs.

Types of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

NHL is categorized into several types based on the specific type of white blood cell involved and other factors. The primary classifications include:

• B-Cell Lymphomas: These are the most common types, originating from B lymphocytes, which produce antibodies.
• T-Cell Lymphomas: Less common, these arise from T lymphocytes, which directly attack infected cells.
• Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Tumors: These are rare types involving specialized immune cells.

Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Symptoms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can vary widely depending on the type, stage, and location of the cancer. Some common signs and symptoms include:

A. General Symptoms

• Unexplained weight loss
• Fever
• Night sweats
• Fatigue

B. Lymph Node-Related Symptoms

• Swollen lymph nodes (often painless)
• Painless lump

C. Symptoms Related to the Location of Lymphoma

• Chest Symptoms: Cough, chest pain, shortness of breath
• Abdominal Symptoms: Abdominal pain, swelling, loss of appetite
• Skin Symptoms: Itchy skin, rash, skin nodules

D. Less Common Symptoms

• Neurological Symptoms: Numbness, weakness, confusion
• Other Unusual Symptoms: Bone pain, vision problems

Conditions That Increase Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Risk

Certain conditions can increase the risk of developing NHL. They are as follows:

• Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP): A genetic disorder causing numerous polyps in the colon and rectum.
• Lynch Syndrome (HNPCC): An inherited condition associated with an increased risk of colon and other cancers.
• Adenomatous Polyps: Abnormal growths in the colon or rectum.
• Sessile Serrated Adenomas: Flat growths in the colon or rectum.

Diagnosis and Tests for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Diagnosing NHL involves several tests, such as:

• Blood tests: To check for abnormal blood cells.
• Imaging: Techniques like CT scans, MRI, and PET scans to visualize lymph nodes and organs.
• Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from a swollen lymph node or other affected area for examination under a microscope.

Management and Treatments for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and overall health of the patient. Common treatments include:

• Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells.
• Radiation Therapy: Using high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
• Immunotherapy: Stimulating the immune system to fight cancer.
• Hormone Therapy: Blocking hormones that fuel cancer growth.

Get Expert Care and Medical Support with COHA

If you experience any of the mentioned symptoms, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for successful treatment.

Chesapeake Oncology-Hematology Associates is committed to providing comprehensive care for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Our experienced team offers advanced diagnostic and treatment options to help you navigate this challenging journey. Contact us today for expert care and support if you have concerns about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

FAQs

1. What should I do if I notice symptoms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? 

If you experience any symptoms suggestive of NHL, schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider for evaluation.

2. How does non-Hodgkin's lymphoma affect the body's overall health?

NHL can affect the body's overall health by impairing the immune system, causing fatigue, and potentially affecting other organs involved in the disease process.

3. Are there risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? 

Several factors can increase the risk of NHL, including age, family history, certain infections, and immune disorders.

4. What should I expect during a diagnostic workup for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? 

A diagnostic workup typically involves a physical exam, blood tests, imaging studies, and a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the disease.